The March 23 Movement (M23) has taken full control of Bukavu, a major city in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), including its critical infrastructure such as the airport and border posts. The armed group has now extended its reach to the Bukavu-Kamembe border post, which links the DRC to Rwanda, further tightening its grip on cross-border movement and trade.
Eyewitness reports and images from the ground confirm the presence of heavily armed M23 fighters manning key entry points into the city. Soldiers in camouflage fatigues and berets, some carrying assault rifles, have been stationed at checkpoints, closely monitoring movements across the border. A barricade has been put in place, restricting civilian access, and only select individuals are being allowed through under strict scrutiny.
The fall of Bukavu marks a significant escalation in M23’s military campaign, which has already seen the group seize large swathes of North Kivu, including Goma and its surrounding areas. Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province, is a strategic economic hub, and its capture underscores M23’s growing territorial control.
Residents of Bukavu have reported a mix of fear and uncertainty, with businesses shutting down and transport routes disrupted. However, despite the military takeover, the city remains relatively calm, with M23 fighters appearing to focus on consolidating their hold over key state functions.
Control Over Bukavu Airport and Strategic Routes
By securing the airport, M23 now has the ability to regulate air traffic into and out of the region, limiting the Congolese government’s logistical reach in South Kivu. The group’s control over border crossings such as Bukavu-Kamembe further isolates the region from Kinshasa’s influence, complicating efforts by the Congolese military (FARDC) and regional forces to reclaim lost territories.
A high-ranking M23 official, speaking on condition of anonymity, confirmed that the group intends to establish an independent financial and governance structure, aligning with their previous statements about delinking eastern DRC from Kinshasa’s economic system. This move comes amid an ongoing financial crisis in Goma and Bukavu, where banking operations remain paralyzed due to restrictions imposed by the Central Bank in Kinshasa.
Regional Reactions and Next Steps
The capture of Bukavu is expected to heighten tensions between DRC and Rwanda, as Kinshasa continues to accuse Kigali of backing M23—a claim Rwanda has repeatedly denied. Meanwhile, regional actors, including the East African Community (EAC) and the African Union (AU), are closely monitoring the situation, with diplomatic efforts underway to prevent further escalation.
With Bukavu now under its control, M23’s next steps remain uncertain. However, the group’s ability to maintain order, manage the city’s infrastructure, and engage with the local population will likely determine the long-term stability of their rule.